my Alfa Romeo Giulia's brake pedal is soft what's causing it

Symptoms

• Soft or spongy brake pedal feel
• Longer stopping distances
• Brake warning light illuminated on the dashboard
• Brake fluid leakage under the vehicle
• Unusual noises when pressing the brake pedal (e.g., grinding or squeaking)

Diagnostic Steps

1. Inspect brake fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir.
2. Check for any visible leaks in the brake lines, calipers, or master cylinder.
3. Scan the vehicle for any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) related to the braking system.
4. Inspect the brake pads and rotors for wear or damage.
5. Perform a brake line pressure test using a brake pressure gauge.

Solution

1. Preparation

• Gather necessary tools and parts.
• Ensure the vehicle is on a level surface and securely supported with jack stands.
• Wear safety glasses and gloves.

2. Check and Refill Brake Fluid

• Locate the master cylinder reservoir.
• If the brake fluid is low, remove the cap and top up with the recommended brake fluid (DOT 3 or DOT 4).
• Inspect for any signs of contamination in the fluid.

3. Inspect for Leaks

• Visually inspect all brake lines, calipers, and the master cylinder for signs of fluid leakage.
• If leaks are found, proceed to replace the damaged components.

4. Bleed the Brake System

• Begin bleeding at the wheel farthest from the master cylinder (usually the passenger rear wheel).
• Attach a clear hose to the bleeder valve and place the other end in a container.
• Open the bleeder valve and have an assistant press the brake pedal slowly.
• Close the valve before the pedal is fully released. Repeat until no air bubbles are present.
• Repeat the process for the other wheels in the following order: passenger rear, driver rear, passenger front, and driver front.

5. Replace Worn Components (if necessary)

• If brake pads or rotors are worn, remove the wheel and caliper.
• Replace brake pads and/or rotors as needed, ensuring to follow proper torque specifications for caliper bolts and rotor mounting.