how to troubleshoot Cadillac Escalade T1XX (2021-Present) overheating issue

Symptoms

• Engine temperature gauge reading higher than normal
• Coolant warning light illuminated on the dashboard
• Steam or smoke rising from the engine compartment
• Loss of engine power
• Unusual noises from the engine, such as knocking or pinging
• Sweet smell of coolant inside the vehicle or near the engine

Diagnostic Steps

1. Check the coolant level in the reservoir and radiator cap.
2. Inspect for visible leaks around hoses, the radiator, and the water pump.
3. Scan the vehicle for Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) using an OBD-II scanner.
4. Verify the operation of the thermostat by checking its opening temperature.
5. Test the radiator fan operation by observing its engagement during engine operation.
6. Measure engine temperature with an infrared thermometer to compare with the gauge reading.

Solution

1. Preparation

• Gather necessary tools and parts.
• Ensure the vehicle is parked on a level surface and the engine is cool.
• Disconnect the battery to prevent electrical shorts.

2. Check and Refill Coolant

• Open the coolant reservoir cap carefully to avoid pressure release.
• Inspect coolant level; if low, add the appropriate coolant mixture (50/50 antifreeze and water).
• Close the reservoir cap and start the engine, allowing it to reach operating temperature.

3. Inspect and Replace the Thermostat (if necessary)

• Locate the thermostat housing; remove the bolts securing it.
• Remove the thermostat and inspect it for proper function.
• If faulty, install a new thermostat with the correct temperature rating.
  • Torque the bolts to manufacturer's specifications (usually around 89 in-lbs for thermostat housing).

4. Check and Repair Cooling System Leaks

• Visually inspect hoses and connections for cracks or leaks.
• Replace any damaged hoses or clamps.
• If the radiator has leaks, consider replacing it with a new one.

5. Test and Replace Radiator Fan

• Start the engine and observe the radiator fan operation.
• If the fan does not engage, test the fan relay and fuses.
• Replace the fan motor if it fails to operate as designed.

6. Flush and Replace Coolant (if needed)

• If the coolant is dirty or contaminated, perform a coolant flush.
• Connect a flush machine or run water through the system until clear.
• Refill with fresh coolant mixture once the system is clean.