my Cadillac Escalade brakes feel soft and spongy what should I check

Symptoms

• Brake pedal feels soft or spongy when pressed
• Longer stopping distances
• Brake warning light may illuminate on the dashboard
• Possible pulsation or vibration when braking
• Fluid leaks near the brake components

Diagnostic Steps

1. Inspect brake fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir.
2. Check for leaks in the brake lines and around brake components.
3. Scan for any error codes related to the brake system using an OBD-II scanner.
4. Visual inspection of brake pads and rotors for wear or damage.
5. Test brake booster operation by pressing the brake pedal several times and checking for a firm feel.
6. Inspect brake hoses for swelling or deterioration.

Solution

1. Preparation

• Gather necessary tools and parts.
• Ensure the vehicle is parked on a level surface and engage the parking brake.
• Wear safety goggles and gloves.

2. Inspect and Fill Brake Fluid

• Sub-steps:
  • Open the hood and locate the brake master cylinder reservoir.
  • Check the brake fluid level; if low, fill with the manufacturer-recommended brake fluid (usually DOT 3 or DOT 4).
  • Inspect the fluid for contamination; if dirty, replace the fluid.
• Tools Required: Brake fluid, funnel.

3. Check for Leaks

• Sub-steps:
  • Visually inspect brake lines, hoses, and connections for any signs of fluid leakage.
  • If leaks are found, clean the area and replace damaged lines or hoses as necessary.
• Tools Required: Wrench set.

4. Bleed the Brake System

• Sub-steps:
  • Start at the wheel farthest from the master cylinder (usually the right rear).
  • Connect a clear tube to the bleeder valve and place the other end in a container.
  • Open the bleeder valve and pump the brake pedal until fluid runs clear, then close the valve.
  • Repeat for all wheels in the correct order (right rear, left rear, right front, left front).
• Tools Required: Brake bleeder kit, wrench for bleeder valves.

5. Inspect and Replace Brake Pads and Rotors (if necessary)

• Sub-steps:
  • Remove the wheel to access the brake assembly.
  • Check the thickness of the brake pads and condition of the rotors.
  • If pads are worn below the recommended thickness, replace them along with any damaged rotors.
  • Reassemble the brake components and wheel.
• Tools Required: Socket set, torque wrench, brake pad replacement kit.