how to fix the malfunctioning windshield wipers in Tesla Model S Original (2012-2020)

Tesla Model S Plaid/Refresh (2021-present)

Error Codes

2-4 hours

Time

medium

Difficulty

medium

Severity

3 min read

550 words

Problem Statement

Learn how to diagnose and fix malfunctioning windshield wipers on Tesla Model S (2012-2020). Step-by-step guide with diagnostic procedures and repair instructions.

Affected Component

Electrical

Estimated Time

2-4 hours

⚠️ Safety Warnings

Important safety information - read before proceeding

•Disconnect battery before working on electrical systems.
•Allow the engine to cool before accessing any components near the engine area.

Symptoms

•Windshield wipers do not activate when switched on
•Wipers move erratically or at inconsistent speeds
•Wipers get stuck in the middle of the windshield
•No sound or movement from the wiper motor
•Washer fluid not dispensing when activated

Diagnostic Steps

1
Check the wiper fuse to ensure it is not blown.
2
Inspect the wiper switch for proper function using a multimeter.
3
Verify the wiper motor's connectivity and operation by applying direct power.
4
Examine wiring harnesses for any visible damage or corrosion.
5
Check the windshield wiper relay for functionality.
6
Confirm the washer fluid reservoir is filled and the pump is operational.

Solution

💡 Expert Tip

For complex repairs like this, consider taking photos at each step. This helps if you need to reverse a step or consult with a mechanic. Also, keep all removed parts organized - you may need to reference them during reassembly.

Verification

After completing the repair, verify that the issue has been resolved:

✓Test the affected component to ensure it functions correctly
✓Check for any error codes or warning lights
✓Monitor the vehicle for a few days to ensure the issue does not recur

Prevention Tips

To prevent this issue from occurring again:

•Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule
•Address warning signs early before they develop into major issues
•Use quality parts and fluids recommended for your vehicle
•Keep detailed records of all repairs and maintenance

Tools & Equipment Required

•Multimeter
•Fuse puller
•Torx screwdriver set
•Basic hand tools (sockets, wrenches)

Parts Required

•Wiper motor (if defective)
•Wiper relay (if defective)
•Wiper blades (if worn)

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Diagnostic Steps

1
Check the wiper fuse to ensure it is not blown.
2
Inspect the wiper switch for proper function using a multimeter.
3
Verify the wiper motor's connectivity and operation by applying direct power.
4
Examine wiring harnesses for any visible damage or corrosion.
5
Check the windshield wiper relay for functionality.
6
Confirm the washer fluid reservoir is filled and the pump is operational.

Solution

1. Preparation

Gather necessary tools and parts.
Disconnect the vehicle battery to ensure safety while working on electrical components.

2. Inspect and Replace the Fuse

Locate the fuse box, usually found under the dashboard or in the trunk.
Remove the cover and identify the windshield wiper fuse using the diagram.
Use a fuse puller to remove the fuse and inspect it. If blown, replace it with a fuse of the same amperage (typically 20A).

3. Test and Replace the Wiper Motor

Gain access to the wiper motor by removing the plastic cowl cover.
Disconnect the electrical connector from the wiper motor.
Use a multimeter to check for power at the motor connection while the wiper switch is activated; if no power is present, further diagnose the switch or relay.
If power is present but the motor does not operate, remove the wiper motor from its mounting:
- Unscrew the mounting bolts (usually Torx screws).
- Disconnect the wiper assembly from the motor.
Install the new wiper motor:
- Connect the electrical connector.
- Secure the motor with mounting bolts (tighten to manufacturer specifications).

4. Check and Replace the Wiper Relay

Locate the relay panel in the fuse box.
Identify the wiper relay using the diagram.
Remove the relay and test it with a multimeter. If defective, replace it with a new relay of the same type.

5. Reassemble and Test

Reattach the cowl cover securely.
Reconnect the vehicle battery.
Test the wipers to ensure they operate correctly across all settings.